Transformers are utilized to increase or decrease which of the following?

Transformers are devices that are particularly designed to modify the voltage of alternating current (AC) in electrical power systems. They operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction and can change the voltage level while maintaining the power level in the system (ideally).

When a transformer steps up the voltage, it reduces the current to keep the power constant, according to the principle that power (measured in watts) is the product of voltage (volts) and current (amperes). Conversely, when a transformer steps down the voltage, it will increase the current.

This functionality is critical in electrical distribution systems, where high voltages are used for transmitting power over long distances to minimize losses. Once the power reaches its destination or usage point, a transformer reduces the voltage to a safe and usable level. Therefore, the role of the transformer in increasing or decreasing voltage is essential in ensuring efficient power supply and distribution.